Computer System
Class 11 · Informatics Practices
4 ideas in Class 11 Informatics Practices, explained in plain words, with games and quizzes to practise.
System Organisation
Part of: Organisation Memory
Input feeds data; CPU processes; output shows results; memory stores; IPO cycle repeats.
Why it matters. Flow mapped. Units placed.
Key words
- Input
- : Data fed into the computer through devices like keyboard or scanner.
- CPU
- : The chip that processes data by carrying out instructions.
- Output
- : Results shown through devices like monitor or printer.
- IPO cycle
- : The repeating round of input, process, output and storage.
Try it in two minutes
- Spot input.
- Spot process.
- Spot output.
Try at home. Trace a print job.
Memory Storage
Part of: Organisation Memory
Bit smallest; byte 8 bits; KB, MB, GB scale by 1024; RAM volatile, ROM firm, disks store.
Why it matters. Sizes compared. Capacity judged.
Formulas
- 1 byte = 8 bits
- 1 KB = 1024 bytes
- 1 MB = 1024 KB
- 1 GB = 1024 MB
Key words
- Bit
- : The smallest memory unit, holding one binary digit.
- Byte
- : A group of 8 bits, the basic unit of storage size.
- RAM
- : Working memory that loses its contents when power goes off.
- ROM
- : Firm memory holding startup instructions without power.
- Secondary storage
- : Disks and drives that keep data safely without power.
Try it in two minutes
- Count bits?
- Group bytes?
- Scale by 1024?
Try at home. Size your files.
IO Devices
Part of: Devices and Software
Keyboards, scanners input; printers, monitors output; touchscreen both; choice fits task.
Why it matters. Device fits task. Both ways known.
Key words
- Input device
- : Hardware sending data in, like keyboards and scanners.
- Output device
- : Hardware showing results out, like printers and monitors.
- Touchscreen
- : A screen acting as both input and output device.
- Device choice
- : Picking the device that fits the task at hand.
Try it in two minutes
- Need in or out?
- Pick the device.
- Check both ways.
Try at home. List home devices.
Software Types
Part of: Devices and Software
System software runs hardware; OS manages resources; applications serve users; utilities maintain.
Why it matters. Layer known. OS manages.
Key words
- System software
- : Programs running the hardware, led by the operating system.
- Operating system
- : The core software managing resources for all other programs.
- Application software
- : Programs serving users directly, like editors and browsers.
- Utility
- : Helper programs that maintain and guard the system.
Try it in two minutes
- Hardware or user?
- OS manages?
- App serves?
Try at home. List installed apps.
What your child will practise
- IO Devices: Ocean Puzzle (Clue Puzzle)
- IO Devices: Ocean Quick Fire (Quick Fire)
- Memory Storage: Jungle Puzzle (Clue Puzzle)
- Software Types: Desert Quest (Flip and Match)
- System Organisation: Desert Quick Fire (Quick Fire)
- Quiz: IO Devices (8 questions)
- Quiz: Memory Storage (8 questions)
- Quiz: Software Types (8 questions)
- Quiz: System Organisation (8 questions)